国务院办公厅


国务院办公厅转发口岸领导小组《关于加强空运进口贷物管理的暂行办法》的通知(附英文)

1987年8月25日，国务院办公厅

通知
各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构：
国务院口岸领导小组《关于加强空运进口货物运输管理的暂行办法》，已经国务院同意，现转发给你们，请遵照执行。

关于加强空运进口货物管理的暂行办法
随着我国对外贸易和对外经济技术交流的发展，空运进口货物的数量迅速增长，空港疏运任务日益繁重。为了加速空港货物流转，避免积压，特作如下暂行规定：
一、凡利用空运进口货物的单位，在委托有经营该项商品进口业务权的外贸、工贸公司订货时，必须按受委托单位的要求认真填写进口订货单，其中收货单位一栏要写明单位全称和详细地址，并注明联系人姓名和电话号码。
二、因卖方责任造成进口货物短缺或者毁损，需向卖方提出索赔和补发货物时，由原订货公司对外办理。因特殊情况，由进口用货单位自办的，必须要求卖方在运单上注明合同号、收货人（委托外运公司或其他货运代理部门进行代理的，填外运公司或其他货运代理部门），并将办理结果及时通知原订货公司。
三、外贸、工贸公司应当按照批准的经营进口商品的分工范围，接受委托订货。对需要进口许可证的货物，进口用货单位如果没有办妥许可证，外贸、工贸公司不得受理。外贸、工贸公司应当严格按照有关规定审核进口订货单和编写唛头代号标记。有关业务人员应当认真掌握唛头标记的组成结构，严格按照每个代号的次序排列，不得颠倒、错写和增减。
新批准成立的外贸、工贸公司，应当在批准之日起一个月内向经贸部（运输局）申请办理唛头代号。尚未申请的，一律在本办法下发之日起一个月内补办手续。任何单位不得自编和借用其他单位的代号。经贸部（运输局）应当对各外贸、工贸公司使用的唛头代号，定期进行检查和清理。
四、外贸、工贸公司对外签订空运进口货物合同，应当争取采用ｆｏｂ价格（卖方将货物交到买方指定飞机上的价格）条款，充分使用我国民航飞机，尽量利用外运公司或其他货运代理部门在国外的空运代理。
外贸、工贸公司对外签订的合同条款中，应当充分考虑国内报关和疏运方面的需要。要求卖方填写运单、制作单据发票时，必须填写同一唛头标记、合同号，并提供足够的份数。在货物外包装上，应当要求卖方刷制完整醒目的唛头标记。
五、外贸、工贸公司签订合同后，应当及时将合同副本、许可证等有关材料，寄送外运公司或其他货运代理部门，作为接交报关代运的依据。
六、民航货运部门在空运进口货物到港后，应及时与外运公司或其他货运代理部门办理货物的交接工作，逐票点清。如果货物发生短缺、破损或者全票货物丢失，应当由民航货运部门签发商务记录。
七、外运公司和其他货运代理部门在收到委托代理报关的货物后，应当在海关规定的期限内，及时办理报关分拨。对虽属委托报关但报关手续不全，或者没有委托报关但又属货运代理部门负责通知的，外运公司或其他货运代理部门应当在报关期限内，向订货或者收货单位发出三次通知或查询函。即货到后第一次发到货通知或查询函；超过一个月未能报关的，第二次发催报通知或查询函；超过两个月未能报关的，第三次发催报通知或查询函。信件一律用挂号发出。
由民航货运部门直接交付收货人的货物，民航要在货到后两个月内发出三次催报通知。
八、为了弄清情况，以利催报，对空运进口货物自运输工具申报进境之日起满两个月尚未报关的，民航货运部门、外运公司或其他货运代理部门可分别向海关申请开拆货物包装。货物包装开拆应当在海关的监督下进行。开箱记录由海关签字证明。
九、收货单位不得借故不报关、不提货。如确有原因，应及时向海关和民航货运部门、外运公司或其他货运代理部门说明理由，并在三个月内处理完毕。在此期间，收货单位对广告资料、样品、礼品以及失去时效的索赔件可以向海关声明放弃。对根据合同进口的货物和尚未失去时效的索赔件，原则上不得放弃；确有理由放弃的，必须经主管部门批准。
十、海关应当本着既把关又服务的精神，简化手续，加快进口货物的验放速度。对于进口货物验凭国家规定的批准证件按规章予以放行。
海关对于索赔货物，应按照海关总署《关于无代价抵偿进出口货物的征免税规定》验放。对当时交验索赔证明有困难的，在收货人提供必要的担保后，海关可先予以放行，并限期补办手续。对于不属国家限制进口商品且又无法提供发票的样品、礼品，经收货人申请，海关可以开箱查验，做出估价，并按规章予以征税或免税放行。
十一、收货单位自运输工具申报进境之日起，超过三个月未向海关申报的，其进口货物即应由民航货运部门、外运公司或者其他货运代理部门分别移交海关变卖处理。变卖应当遵循经济、节约、物尽其用的原则，仪器、机械设备应当尽可能变卖给有关单位。
变卖所得货款在扣除运输、装卸、储存等费用和税款后，尚有余款的，自货物变卖之日起一年内，经收货单位申请，由海关予以发还；对逾期无人申请的，上缴国库。
十二、进口用货单位，外贸、工贸公司，外运公司和其他货运代理部门以及空港所在地海关等，要严格执行本办法，并应根据本办法建立和健全规章制度，明确岗位责任。
十三、各地口岸委（办）应当根据国务院办公厅《关于地方口岸管理机构职责范围暂行规定》（国办发〔1987〕21号），组织口岸有关单位，对本办法的执行情况进行检查，遇有矛盾及时协调解决。
对违反本办法造成空港压货，致使货物变质、索赔件失去时效或者出现无主货等现象的，应当查清情况，追究责任方或者责任人员的经济和行政责任。
十四、国务院口岸办应当会同经贸部、海关总署、中国民航局等部门，按本办法的规定定期进行检查，及时研究解决存在的问题。
国务院口岸领导小组
一九八七年八月二日

INTERIM MEASURES CONCERNING STRENGTHENING ADMINISTRATION OF IM-PORTS BY AIR

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
INTERIM MEASURES CONCERNING STRENGTHENING ADMINISTRATION OF IM-
PORTS BY AIR
(Approved and promulgated by the State Council on August 25, 1987)
With the development of China's foreign trade and economic and
technological exchanges with foreign countries, the amount of imports by
air has increased rapidly and the task of transporting goods from airports
has become increasingly arduous. The following interim measures are
formulated in order to speed up the flow of goods at airports to prevent
goods from being kept too long in storage:
1. When entrusting the foreign trade companies and the industrial trade
companies which are empowered to import the relevant commodities to do the
ordering, the units importing goods through air transport must
conscientiously fill out import orders according to the instructions of
the entrusted units. The full name of the units and the detailed addresses
must be written in the column for the consignee, with the names and
telephone numbers of the persons in charge clearly indicated.
2. When it is necessary to claim damages and demand resupply of goods from
the seller because of lack or loss of imported goods caused by the seller,
the company which did the ordering shall be responsible for the work
involved. If, in special cases, the job must be done by the users
themselves, it is necessary to ask the seller to indicate clearly on the
way bill the number of the contract and the consignee (if foreign trade
transport companies or other agent transport departments are entrusted to
do the job, the names of these companies or departments shall be
indicated) and notify the company which did the ordering of the goods of
the results.
3. Foreign trade companies and industrial trade companies should accept
entrustment for ordering goods within the approved scope of business for
handling imported commodities. They must not accept entrustment from
those user units which have not obtained import licences for the goods.
These companies should examine and verify import orders and write the
marks, codes and symbols in strict accordance with the relevant
stipulations. The relevant personnel should be professionally familiar
with the structure of the marks and arrange the codes strictly according
to their order. No such mistakes as reversion, addition and subtraction
may be allowed.
Newly-established foreign trade companies and industrial trade companies
shall apply to the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade (or
its Transport Bureau) for marks and codes within one month of approval for
the establishment. Those companies which have not applied must go through
the formalities within one month of promulgation of these Measures. No
units may be allowed to devise their own codes or borrow the codes of
other units. The Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade (or its
Transport Bureau) shall conduct regular check-ups of the marks and codes
used by various companies.
4. When signing contracts of imports by air with foreign businessmen and
companies, foreign trade companies and industrial trade companies should
try to fix FOB prices (prices calculated on the basis that the seller
deliver the goods to the planes designated by the buyer) in the clauses so
that our civil aviation planes and the agencies for air transport of our
foreign trade transport companies or other agent transport companies
stationed in foreign countries will be used as much as possible. When
signing contracts with foreign businessmen and companies, foreign trade
companies and industrial trade companies should take into full
consideration the factors of Customs clearance and transport in China.
When the sellers are requested to write way-bills, bills and receipts,
they must provide consistent marks, codes and the numbers of the
contracts, with enough copies. It is also necessary to ask the sellers to
make eye-catching full-size marks and symbols on the outside packing of
the goods.
5. After signing contracts, foreign trade companies and industrial trade
companies shall promptly send copies of the contracts, the licences and
other relevant materials to foreign trade transport companies or other
agent transport companies as certificates for taking over the goods,
Customs clearance and transport.
6. After imported goods arrive at airports by air, transport departments
of the civil aviation administration shall promptly complete the
formalities for handing over the goods to the relevant foreign trade
transport companies and other agent transport companies, with every lot of
goods carefully checked. In case of any lack or damage of the goods or of
loss of the whole lot of goods, transport departments of the civil
aviation administration shall sign and issue certificates.
7. After receiving the goods entrusted for Customs clearance, foreign
trade transport companies or other agent transport companies should go
through the formalities within the time limit prescribed by the Customs.
With respect to the goods which have been entrusted for Customs clearance
but are not armed with adequate number of documents and those goods which
have not been entrusted but belong to the category for which agent
transport companies have the duty to notify the relevant units, these
companies should send three notices or letters of inquiry to the units
ordering the goods or the consignee within the limited Customs clearance
period. Upon the arrival of the goods, a notice of arrival or a letter of
inquiry shall be sent; if the goods are not cleared through the Customs
within a month, a notice of pressing for Customs clearance or a letter of
inquiry shall be sent; if the goods are not cleared through the Customs
within two months, another notice of pressing for Customs clearance or a
third letter of inquiry shall be sent. All the notices and letters shall
be sent by registered mail. With respect to the goods which should be
directly handed over to the consignee by transport departments of the
civil aviation administrations, the departments shall send three notices
of pressing for Customs clearance within two months of the arrival of the
goods.
8. In order to find out the real situation to facilitate the Customs
clearance, in case that goods imported by air are not cleared through the
Customs two months after the day when the means of transport were declared
for entry, transport departments of the civil aviation administration,
foreign trade transport companies or other agent transport departments may
send separate applications to the Customs for opening the packing of the
goods. The opening of the packing shall be conducted under the supervision
of the Customs, which shall sign and issue the relevant certificates.
9. Under no excuses may consignees refuse to go through the formalities
concerning Customs clearance and refuse to take delivery of their goods.
When there are good reasons, they should promptly explain to the Customs,
transport departments of the civil aviation administrations, foreign trade
transport companies or other agent transport departments, and complete the
job within three months. During this period, the consignees may declare to
the Customs that they abandon the relevant advertisement material,
samples, presents and those documents of claims for damages which have
exceeded the prescribed period of validity. The goods imported through
contracts and those documents of claims for damages which have not
exceeded the prescribed period of validity may not be abandoned in
principle. When there are good reasons for the abandonment, approval must
be obtained from the competent department.
10. The Customs should simplify the formalities and speed up the
examination and clearance of imported goods in the spirit of providing
good service but with strict examination. The imported goods with
documents of approval issued by the
State shall be cleared according to the relevant regulations.
The goods for which damages have been claimed shall be examined and
cleared in accordance with the Stipulations Concerning Imposition of or
Exemption from duties on Imported and Exported Goods Compensated at No
Costs formulated by the General Administration of Customs. If it is
difficult for the consignees to produce the certificates of claims for the
examination on the spot, the Customs may clear the goods first after the
consignees provide necessary guarantee and promise to go through the
formalities within the time limit. With respect to the samples and
presents which do not belong to the category of imported goods restricted
by the State but are not supported by receipts, upon the application of
the consignees, the Customs may open the packing for examination, offer an
appraised price and clear the goods with or without taxes according to the
regulations.
11. If consignees fail to declare to the Customs within three months of
the declaration for entry by the means of transport, their imported goods
shall be transferred to the Customs for sale by the transport departments
of the civil aviation administration, foreign trade transport companies or
other agent transport department. The goods should be sold in the
principle of economy and making the best use of everything. Instruments
and machinery equipment should be sold as far as possible to the relevant
units. The money from the sale of such goods, after the deduction of the
expenses for transport, loading and unloading and storage as well as the
duties, shall be returned by the Customs to the consignees upon their
applications within one year of selling. The money shall be turned over to
the State treasury if no one applies for it.
12. Units importing goods, foreign trade companies, industrial trade
companies, foreign trade transport companies and other agent transport
departments as well as the Customs at the airports must all strictly
implement these Measures and should, in accordance with these Measures,
establish and amplify their
rules and regulations and clarify post responsibilities.
13. The commissions (or offices) in charge of port affairs in various
regions shall, in accordance with the Interim Provisions for the Scope of
Competence of Local Administrative Organs for Port Affairs issued by the
General Office of the State Council, organize various relevant units at
the ports to jointly check the implementation of these Measures and solve
contradictions promptly through coordinated efforts.
In case that goods have gone bad, documents claiming for damages have
exceeded the prescribed period, or owners of the goods cannot be found
because of clogged airports caused by violations of these Measures,
investigations shall be carried out to pursue the economic and
administrative liabilities of the responsible units or persons.
14. The Leading Group for Port Affairs of the State Council shall, in
conjunction with the Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade, the
General Administration of Customs, the Civil Aviation Administration of
China and other relevant departments, conduct regular checkups and
promptly review and solve existing problems.


国家开发银行


国家开发银行异地统借统还项目贷款管理暂行办法

第一章 总则
第一条 为加强国家开发银行对异地(指跨分行,下同)统借统还项目的信贷管理工作,明确各有关分行(含总行营业部,下同)在项目信贷管理中的责任、权利和义务,有效防范信贷风险,特制订本办法。
第二条异地统借统还项目是指使用开发银行贷款的借款人(即行业主管部门、大型企业集团等)和其使用项目贷款的用款人(即借款人下属的二级法人或项目建设工程指挥部等)不在开发银行同一分行管辖范围内的项目。
第三条对异地统借统还项目管理，本着为客户提供全面、便利的金融服务,充分发挥各分行贴近项目的优势,有利于加强对建设项目的监管和强化贷款本息回收工作的原则，采取借款人属地管理与项目属地管理相结合的方式。

第二章 管理原则
第四条对异地统借统还项目原则上在各有关分行之间实行“内部委托管理”的模式。项目借款人所在地的分行作为项目主办行。项目用款人(即项目建设地)所在分行作为项目协办行。主办行、协办行由总行在下达项目贷款计划时确定，并在贷款合同条文中与项目借款人明确相关事宜。
第五条主办行与协办行之间签署“国家开发银行异地统借统还项目内部委托管理协议”,明确各自在异地统借统还项目信贷管理工作中的权利、责任、利益,作为对该项目信贷管理及分享收益的依据。
第六条协办行负责对受托项目进行延伸信贷管理,主要是按内部委托协议参与项目贷款合同谈判,对项目信贷资金使用实施现场监管、拨付资金、吸收存款、协助贷款回收和提出信贷计划建议,了解和掌握项目建设情况和企业生产经营情况等工作，并定期以书面形式向主办行通报。
第七条异地统借统还项目使用的开发银行贷款,借款人应在所在地开发银行分行开立存贷帐户，同时在项目所在地开发银行分行开立存款专户，资金调度和结算必须通过开发银行系统内的资金往来帐户进行,尽可能延伸信贷资金服务范围,确保开发银行贷款资金体内循环，努力增加派生存款及与贷款项目相关的其他存款,促进降低成本、提高资金使用效益。

第三章 贷款管理职能划分
第八条 合同管理 按照开发银行信贷管理的有关规定，主办行负责牵头组织与借款人进行合同的谈判、签订等工作，协办行参与。合同副本送协办行一份。
第九条 现场监管 协办行负责对异地统借统还项目建设期和投产后经营状况的现场信贷监督工作。协办行要定期将项目的现场信贷资金监督工作情况报送主办行。
第十条 资金管理
主办行负责向总行请领异地统借统还项目信贷资金，负责统一管理信贷资金汇划及贷款本息回收工作。协办行协助具体办理项目信贷资金的拨付和监督资金的使用,督促用款人及时将还贷资金上划至主办行借款人存款帐户。
第十一条 计划衔接 协办行根据项目工程进度和资金使用需求等情况，向主办行提出信贷计划建议,主办行负责组织和借款人进行信贷计划的衔接工作，汇总平衡后统一上报总行。
第十二条 资金汇划
借款人经主办行同意并确认后,信贷资金通过主办行帐户,汇划到项目建设用款人(即建设项目)所在地的开发银行协办行的存款专户,协办行为项目用款人办理支付结算业务。
第十三条 本息回收
主办行负责向借款人和协办行发出贷款本息催收单，并负责向借款人催收贷款本息。协办行负责督促项目建设用款人落实还款资金来源并及时汇划还款资金。回收贷款本息依据合同约定划至主办行帐户。
第十四条 统计管理
主办行负责汇总上报异地统借统还项目信贷管理的各类报表，包括年度信贷建议计划、按季分月用款需求、本息回收情况及项目资产质量分类等统计数据，其中对委托协办行管理的异地统借统还项目予以单列，并将本息回收情况及项目资产质量分类情况定期通报协办行。协办行在上报统计报表中,增列“委托贷款”栏目以反映“内部委托管理协议中规定管理的异地统借统还项目的有关统计数据。
第十五条 利益分配 根据财政部财债字[1999]3号《关于同意国家开发银行调整代理业务手续费支付标准的函》的有关规定，项目主办行向协办行计付异地统借统还项目内部委托管理手续费。手续费按委托贷款发放额和贷款本息回收实绩计提，即：按委托贷款发放额×0.5‰一次计提贷款发放管理手续费，并根据合同规定的贷款本息回收期，以每年实际回收的贷款额×1.5‰，计提年贷款回收手续费。内部委托管理手续费在主办行成本中列支。

第四章 附则
第十六条 主办行负责按照本办法确定的原则,发起组织签订“内部委托管理协议”的有关工作，并分别报送总行信贷管理局、资金局、财会局和清算中心。
第十七条 内部委托管理协议的文本,先由总行营业部提出《文本》草案，法律事务局负责审查制定统一《文本》，报行领导批准使用。
第十八条 对贷款已经结束的异地统借统还项目,参照本办法执行,明确主办行和协办行信贷管理中的责任。
第十九条 对资产重组、兼并的异地统借统还项目,由新的控股方或兼并方所在地分行做为主办行,建设项目所在地分行 做为协办行,重新明确双方在信贷管理中的权利、责任。
第二十条 本办法从颁布之日起试行。由综合计划局负责解释。